Which tool is capable of both removing metal and finishing the surface in one cutting pass?

The broach is specifically designed for metal removal and finishing within one cutting operation. A broach typically features a series of progressively larger teeth along its length, allowing it to remove material efficiently while also refining the surface finish of the cut. This attribute makes it effective for creating precise shapes and sizes, as well as achieving the desired surface quality in just one pass.

In contrast, the other tools mentioned serve distinct functions. A reamer primarily focuses on finishing pre-drilled holes to improve precision and surface finish but does not significantly remove material beyond correcting existing holes. A cutter generally refers to a broad category of tools that may not be designed for finishing in the same way a broach does. A tap is used for creating internal threads in a pre-drilled hole and does not serve the dual function of significant material removal and surface finishing in one operation.