Which machining operation would you perform on a lathe?

The correct choice, turning, is a fundamental machining operation specifically designed for use on a lathe. During the turning process, the workpiece is rotated against a cutting tool that removes material to create cylindrical shapes or other specific geometries. This operation is widely utilized for producing components such as shafts, pins, and various cylindrical parts due to its efficiency and precision in removing material while maintaining tight tolerances.

Turning involves a range of techniques, including facing, grooving, and tapering, all of which can be performed on a lathe. The lathe’s primary function is to hold and rotate the workpiece, allowing for controlled cutting as the stationary tool engages with the material.

In contrast, milling is typically carried out on a milling machine and involves moving the workpiece against a rotating cutter to produce flat surfaces or intricate shapes. Drilling involves creating holes in a workpiece and is often performed on drilling machines or lathes with specific setups but is not the primary operation of a lathe. Broaching is a process that involves a multi-tooth cutting tool to remove material in a linear motion, usually done on a broaching machine rather than a lathe. Thus, turning stands out as the principal machining operation performed on a lathe.