Which component of a lathe is responsible for the rotation of the workpiece?

The headstock is the component of a lathe that is primarily responsible for the rotation of the workpiece. It houses the spindle that grips and turns the workpiece at variable speeds, allowing the operator to perform various cutting operations. The headstock also contains the motor and other drive mechanisms that facilitate this rotation, making it a crucial part of the lathe's operation.

In contrast, the tailstock is used to support the opposite end of the workpiece, helping to stabilize it during machining, but it does not contribute to its rotation. The carriage is responsible for moving the cutting tool along the workpiece, while the bed serves as the foundational structure that supports all components of the lathe. Understanding the specific functions of each part helps clarify the role of the headstock in the lathe's operation.