Which angle affects cutting forces and the contact between the tool and workpiece?

The rake angle plays a significant role in affecting the cutting forces and the interaction between the cutting tool and the workpiece. It is defined as the angle formed between the cutting edge of the tool and a line perpendicular to the workpiece surface. A positive rake angle facilitates easier cutting by reducing the cutting forces encountered during the machining process. This occurs because a positive rake angle helps to create a sharper edge, allowing for a smoother flow of material as it is being cut, which decreases resistance and promotes better chip formation.

In contrast, a negative rake angle can increase cutting forces and may lead to increased wear on the tool, as the tool’s edge becomes more blunt and requires more force to penetrate the material. The rake angle also influences the shape of the chips produced during cutting; a well-designed rake angle helps in managing chip flow effectively. Overall, the rake angle directly impacts the efficiency and effectiveness of the machining process by determining the cutting forces at play and how the tool interacts with the material being worked on.