What might affect both cutting forces and cutting edge strength?

Rake and relief angles significantly influence both cutting forces and cutting edge strength. The rake angle affects the geometry of the cutting edge and the way the tool interacts with the material being cut. A positive rake angle generally reduces cutting forces because it allows for easier penetration into the workpiece, resulting in less friction and reduced energy requirements. Conversely, a negative rake angle can increase cutting forces as more material resists flow during the cutting process.

Relief angles play a crucial role in reducing friction between the tool and the workpiece, affecting how effectively the cutting edge can shear material. If the relief angle is insufficient, it may lead to increased wear and premature failure of the cutting edge, decreasing cutting edge strength. By optimizing both the rake and relief angles, it’s possible to balance cutting forces and extend the life of the cutting edge.

Other factors like tool temperature, material composition, and operator technique may influence cutting performance but do not directly impact both cutting forces and cutting edge strength in the same integrated manner as rake and relief angles do.